If you’ve studied our Rhythm, Tempo & Measure blog, you know the difference between quarter notes and eighth notes (crotchets and quavers). While the top number is undeniably the most important of the two, the lower number shouldn’t be overlooked since it tells us which note to count in. Next to the time signature indication at the beginning of the piece, notated songs include bars and bar lines to help you keep track of the beat. At the same time, time signatures with a ‘4’ as the top number are all counted along in fours, so: ONE – two – three – four, ONE – two – three – four, etc. Needless to say, the same thing applies to 3/4, 3/8, 3/16 time signatures. As such, the 3/4 time signature is counted along in threes, so: ONE two three, ONE two three, etc. The top number in any time signature indicates the most important thing of all: the number of beats per measure. It’s never notated a second time unless the metre changes mid-song (more on this later). These are the most well known time signatures:įour-Four (or Common) Time: notated as orīear in mind that the time signature of any composition is always indicated at the beginning of the piece. So, despite the fact that the loud accents are played every second and fourth beat, for some reason, this’ll still feel like a ONE – two – three – four kind of beat. Also, taking the lyrics and bass lines into consideration, you’ll see that the most important parts of the song still land on or around every first beat. Turn on some classic rock or gospel music, listen closely and you’ll notice the drummer pounds a little harder on every second and fourth beat (one – TWO – three – FOUR). You might be wondering: “But what about styles that place the accents on every second and fourth count?” You’re right, this is called a backbeat. The various metre-based variations are what we call time signatures. This fixed sequence of accents and non-accents defines the metre. On the other hand, something like the waltz and most of its variants are played with the accent landing once every three beats, so: ONE – two – three – ONE – two – three, etc. While they’re played ‘randomly’ in some songs, in most pop, rock, hip-hop and R&B tunes, you’ll hear an accent played at a steady rate, usually once every four beats – or claps. These moments are called accents in music theory. Music can be foot-tapped, hand-clapped or simply slapped along to and if you pay attention when you do either, you might notice the urge to tap, clap or slap a little harder at certain moments.
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